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The World |
Period |
Historical Event |
Architectural
& Cultural
Contribution |
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1 BC to AD 3
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Satavahanas (North
Deccan) |
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4 AD - 5 AD
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Vakatakas of Vidarbha |
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5 AD - 6 AD
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Vishnukundis of
Andhra |
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c. 556-757 |
Chalukyas of Vatapi
(West & Central Deccan |
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c. 630-970 |
Eastern Chalukyas
of Vengi (Andhra Pradesh) |
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c. 753-973 |
Rashtrakutras (West
& Central Deccan) |
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c. 973-1189 |
Chalukyas of
Kalyani
(West & Central Deccan) |
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c. 1100-1327
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Hoysalas of Dvarasamudra
(Central & South Deccan) |
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c. 1190-1294 |
Yadavas of Devagiri
(North Deccan) |
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1310-1346 |
Khaljis and Tughluq
invasions |
The invasions resulted
in the ultimate decline of the three most important ruling dynasties and paved the
way for the Vijayangar in the Tungabhadra region and the Bahmani Kingdom in northern
Deccan.
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1347-1526
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Takes possession
of Golconda Fort
During the reign of Sultan Mohammad Shah Bahmani (1358-1375) Raja Krishna Dev, a
Kakatiya King of Warangal, handed over the mud fort, then called Mankal, to Muhammad
Shah Bahani of Gulbarga under a pact.
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Qutb Shahi Dynasty |
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1495 |
Sultan Quli Qutbul Mulk |
High ranking Turkish officer made Subedar
of Telengana.
Sultan Quli made his headquarters in Golconda. He strenghthened it with granite
fortifications. According to legend the name Golconda was derived by combining the
names of two of the sultans most loyal courtiers, Gulla and Kuntiah.
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1518 |
Qutb Shahi Dynasty founded |
With the disintegration of the
Bahmani Kingdom, Sultan Quli assumed independence and founded the Qutb Shahi
Dynasty.
At the age of 99 he was killed by his son Jamsheed Quli.
Sultan Quli uilt a massive citadel called Muhammadnagar, well known for its trade
in diamonds and precious stones.
Masjid Safa at Golconda is the first Qutb Shahi mosque of Hyderabad. Twenty five
years later Sultan Quli was assassinated by Mir Mahmud Hamadani, Qiladar of Golconda
at he instigation of the heir apparent Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah.
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Babur 1st Mogul Emperor
of India |
1526 |
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Humayan 2nd Mogul Emperor
of India |
1530 |
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Death of Guru Nanak |
1538 |
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1543 |
Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah |
Third son of Sultan Quli who ruled for 7 years and died in 1550 of
an incurable disease |
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1550 |
Subhan Quli Qutb Shah |
Jamshhed Quli’s son was thrust
upon the throne at the age of 7. After 7 months his paternal Uncle Ibrahim Qutb
Shah swept his nephew aside |
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Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shah |
During his exile with the Raja
of Vijayangar Ibrahim learnt to love Telugu. During his reign he patronised and
encouraged the learning and writing of Telugu
Golconda was further streghthened. |
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Akbar 3rd Mogul Emperor
of India |
1556 |
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1562 |
Husain Sagar (Tank Bund) |
Built by the Sufi saint Husain
Shah Wali (son-in-law to Ibrhaim Quli), on a tributary of the Musi River. It links
the cities of Hyderabad abd Secunderabad. There are 2 sarais (rest houses) on either side and four sluices to regulate the level of water in the tank. |
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1578 |
Purana
Pul Bridge completed |
Built by Sutan Ibrahim Qutb Shah
the bridge has 22 arches, is 600ft long, 35ft broad and 54ft above the river bed. |
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1580 |
Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah |
During Muhammad Quli’s long,
peaceful and prosperous reign the Dynasty reached it’s Zenith.
Built the city of Hyderabad to accommodate the surplus population
of Golconda –
According to legend the King built it for the love of the beautiful Bhagmati whom
he titled “Hyder Mahal”. The city was then named after her.
“Let millions of men and Women of all Castes, Creeds and Religions make it their
Abode, Like Fish in the Ocean” – Prayer of Sultan
Mohammed Quli Qutb Shah, while
laying the foundations of Hyderabad.
The fifth King planned Hyderabad as an ‘open city’. It was to have no walls. The Qutb Shahis already had their well-fortified Golcnda Fort to fall back upon at times
of need.
Vajihi, an Urdu poet in his court wrote the famous work Lila Majnu |
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1585 |
Mir Momin made Peshwa (PM) |
Mir Momin came from Persia and
was known for his learning, piety and poetry. He was an architect and lover of culture
and associated with the layout of the city. At the steps of his mausoleum was buried
the famous poet of Emperor Aurangzeb, Mirza Ahmed Niamath Khan Ali. |
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1591 |
Charminar completed |
Inadequacy of water, and frequent
epidemics of plague and Cholera persuaded the fifth Quli Qutub Shahi ruler to venture
outward to establish the new city with the Charminar at its centre and with four
great roads fanning out in the four cardinal directions.
Built during 1591-92 to a height of 56.7meters, on a square base of 31.5metres.
Charminar is said to be a protype of Tazia, a representation of the tomb of Imam
Husain |
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1594 |
Badshahi Ashur Khana |
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1594 |
Charkana (Four Arches) |
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1595
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Darush – Shifa (House of Cure) |
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1598 |
Jamay Masjid |
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Gunpowder Plot
Jahanghir 4th Mogul Emperor of India |
1605 |
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1612 |
Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah |
Scholar, deeply religious and
a connoisseur of good books. |
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1617 |
Mecca Masjid |
Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah begun the building of the mosque which was completed 77years later by Aurangzeb.The largest
mosque in Hyderabad it is paaterned from the Grand Mosque in Mecca under the direction
of Daroga Mir Faizullah Baig and Choudhary Rangaih. The marble graves of the Asif
Jahi ruler lie at the southern end. |
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Sultan Nagar |
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The Qutb Shah Chronicles |
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Voyage of the Mayflower |
1620 |
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Charles I – King of England |
1625 |
Daira Mir Momin |
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1626 |
Abdullah Qutb Shah |
Ascended the throne at the age
of 12. The Kingdom was extended during his rule.
Hayath Nagar Mosque built by Hayath Bakshi Begum. The mosque has 5 double arches
and 2 minarets. The extensive courtyard is surrounded by several hundred double
rooms known as “Sarai of Ma Saheba” for the use of travellers. Within the courtyard
lies the “Hati Bauli” (Elephant Well) formerly drawn by elephants.
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Taj Mahal |
1631 |
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In the royal palace of Hayath
Nagar, was celebrated the first shave the seventh King, Abdullah Qutb Shah
for 12 days. |
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1636 |
Hyderabad came under Mughal pressure |
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1645 |
Tavernier chronicled the diamond industry
of Golconda |
The Koh-I-noor was found in Kollur
near the River Krishna in 1656. |
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1656 |
Golconda attacked by Mughal army |
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Aurangzeb 5th Mogul Emperor
of India |
1658-1707 |
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1666 |
Hayath Bakshi Begum dies |
Only daughter o fthe 5th
King, wife of the 6th King and Mother of the seventh King.
Ma Saheb Tank (1624), Husaini Alam, Bibi Ka Chasma, Langar, Hayath Nagar Mosque
were all built in her memory.
She also built the Khairatabad Mosque for her tutor Akhund Mulla Abdul Malik. Akhund
built a tomb opposite the mosque which lies vacant as he died in Mecca.
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1672 |
Abul Hasan Tana Shah |
Staunch defender against Moghul
might. A Benign and tolerant King. In 1687 he was taken prisoner by Aurangzeb and
died after 12 years of captivity.
Jan Sapar Khan, a noble of Aurangzeb was made govenor of Deccan.
Kalamkari, the art of textile painting flourished in a place called Masuilpatnam.
Minature painting incorporated both Hindu and Islamic traditions resulting in the
birth of a Deccani tradition.
Abul Hasan granted a village , Kuchipudi to a Brahim because he was good at presenting
dance dramas. Today Kuchipudi is one of the classical dance forms of India |
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1678 |
Miyan Mishk Masjid |
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1684 |
Syed Shah Raju II (Syed Shah Raziuddin)
dies |
Shah Raju was a nephew of Husain
Shah Wali. Abul Hasan Tana Shah was his devoted disciple and built a splendid dome
over his grave.
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1687 |
Aurangzeb Mogul Army besiege Golconda |
Under Aurangzeb’s ambitions to expand the Mogul Empire, Chin Qalich Khan led an attack into the Deccan and later
died from his wounds.
After eight months of trying to penetrate the sturdy walls and territory of Golconda, Abdullah Khan Pani treacherously opened one of the gates (Fateh Darwaza) to let
in the Mogul invaders.
Azhdaha Paikur Gun used during the siege of Golconda by Aurangzeb’s army lies on
the Musa Burj, southeast of Golconda Fort.
Fateh Maidan is where Aurangzeb pitched his first camp on his victorious campaign against Golconda |
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1694 |
Mecca Masjid completed |
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1699 |
End of Qutb Shahi Kings
Advent of Mogul Rule |
Mubrez Khan was the last Mogul
Subedar.
City wall and gates built during Mogul rule |
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Asif Jahi Dynasty |
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Mir Qamaruddin new title “Chin Fateh
Khan” |
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Farruksiyar, Mogul Emperor |
1713-1719 |
Mir Qamaruddin new title “Nizam-ul-Mulk
Fateh Jung |
Farruksiyar conferred on Mir
Qamaruddin the tiltle of Nizam-ul-Mulk Fateh Jung (Regulator of the Realm.
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1724 |
Nizam-ul-Mulk given the title of Asif
Jah declares independence |
While the Subedar of Malwa the
Delhi court secretly instructed Mubrez Khan, the Subedar of Deccan to oppose him.
Mubrez Khan was
defeated in battle and established Asif Jah’s supremacy in the Deccan.
Aruangabad becomes the capital of the State. Hyderabad Dominion expanded by waging
a struggle against the Marhattas and by the policy of non-involvement in the rivalry
for power between the British and the French.
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1756 |
French enter Hyderabad |
The French forces entered Hyderabad
in order to install an Asaf Jahi Ruler of their choice. In the
end the choice of
the British that prevailed. Meanwhile in 1756, French General Monsieur Bussy had
occupied the Charminar for a few days. |
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George III King of England |
1760 |
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1763 |
Nizam Ali Khan |
Second Nizam Ali Khan ascended the throne. He ruled for 41 years and
employed the French adventurer Monsieur Raymond. |
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Captain James Cook expedition to Australia |
1768 |
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1769 |
Hyderabad becomes capital of the State |
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1803 |
Sikander Jah |
Third Nizam ruled for 26 years and appointed Mir Alam as his Prime
Minister who was responsible for marinating good relations with the British.
End of the war with the Marhattas.
Secunderabad was named after the third Nizam. Originally established as a cantonment
after 1798 when a subsidiary alliance for military and political cooperation was
signed between the Nizam and the British East India company.
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1809 |
Munir-ul-Mulk appointed Prime Minister |
Munir was the son of Mir Alam.
William Palmer & Co, a banking house introduced in Hyderabad by the British.
Due to overspending and heavy borrowing from the bank the finances of the State
were in a bad shape.
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French Conquests of Algeria |
1829 |
Nasir-ud-Duala |
Fourth Nizam ruled for 28 years |
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1830 |
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1846 |
Church of the Holy Trinity Built |
The Church was built with a contribution
from the private purse of Queen Victoria.
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1853 |
Salar Jung appointed PM |
Salar Jung appointed several
reforms to improve the finances of the Dominion.
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1857 |
Afzal-ud-Daula |
Fifth Nizam ruled for 12 years.
Afzal Gurj Bridge
Afzal Gurj Mosque
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1869 |
Mir Mahboob Ali Khan |
Sixth Nizam ascended the throne at the age of 3 and ruled for 42
years. AKA Mahboob Ali Pasha he was installed as the masnad by the British
Resident
and Sir Salar Jung, who also acted as the co-regent. |
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Queen Victoria declared Empress of
India
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1876 |
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1883 |
Salar Jung dies |
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1893 |
Urdu official language |
Persian was the official language
up to 1893 and then Urdu up to
1948. |
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1908 |
Floods wash away city wall. |
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1911 |
Mir Osman Ali Khan |
Seventh Nizam ruled for 37 years. Made Honorary Lt. General of the
British Army.
Elevated by King George V from “His Highness” to “His Exalted Highness”.
Title of “Faithful Ally of the British Government was conferred on him.
A 21 gun salute signalled his arrival in Britain (Other rulers were only entitled
to 19 guns).
He led a simple life but was one of the
richest men in the world. |
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India gained Independence and Partition |
1947 |
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1948 |
Hyderabad State merged with the Indian
Union |
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Operation Polo (Police Action) |
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1956 |
Hyderabad becomes capital of Andhra
Pradesh |
On November 1,1956 the map of
India was redrawn into linguistic states |
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1967 |
Nizam VII dies |
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